Recently, Jin Fan' s group at the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liu Zhi’s group at Huazhong University of Science and Technology collaborated to design an engineered strain based on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which realized the optical control of the movement behavior of the bacteria and its infection on the host. The results of this study were published in the international academic journal ACS Synthetic Biology under the title of "Optogenetic Modification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enables Twitching Motility and Host Infection" .  

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is an important secondary messenger that controls carbon metabolism, type IVa pili (TEP) biogenesis, and virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When cAMP regulates a certain physiological function in bacteria, it usually simultaneously regulates the expression levels of multiple component proteins that affect this physiological function. For example, the cAMP–Vfr complex control TEP biogenesis by collectively regulating the expression level of the TEP structural protein PilA, motor protein PilT, PilB and transcriptional regulatory protein PilR together. Therefore manipulation of intracellular cAMP level is sufficient to control bacterial twitching activity. Similarly, cAMP-Vfr also control the expression of the type III secretion system genes through the master regulator ExsA and control the expression of the exotoxin ToxA directly through transcription. Usually, Changes in bacterial physiological functions, such as twitching motility and virulence, are usually not easily accomplished by controlling the expression of a single or small number of genes.